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来源:本站原创 点击率: 发布: 2013-12-27
环球雅思夏令营介绍在英语学习过程中应该知道的形容词的比较级介绍。
环球雅思夏令营介绍,英文中形容词在进行比较时需变为比较级,主要有两种形式:
在词尾加-er (单音节形容词),如:fast-faster, large-larger, busy-busier, big-bigger等;
或在词前加more (多音节形容词),如:more useful, more complex等
少数词比较级形式特殊,如:good(well)-better, bad(ill)-worse, many(much)-more, little-less, far-farther(更远的)/further(更进一步的),
考点一 含有标志词than
1.最常见的比较级句式是由连词than引导比较的对象,
如:it takes less time to go there by air than by train.
she possesses more books than i do.
he is more intelligent than i expected.
than可视为比较级的标志词,在填空题中,
空后含有than的, 通常空格处需要填比较级,
空格前含有比较级的,通常空格处需要填than引导的从句。
例题:
maine has ---- weather than most of the other states in the continental united states.
(a) coolest
(b) the coolest
(c) cooler
(d) the cooler
答案:a
解释:标志词than意味着应用比较级,a, b可先排除;d多the; 只有a正确
2.为避免重复,than之后的从句中有些成分可以省略,只把相比的部分突出出来:
情况1: 用指示代词that, those来代替省略的部分,
如:the population of china is much larger than that of great britain.
(that 指代the population)
his designs won more acclaim than those of his fellow colleagues.
(those 指代 designs)
情况2: 在省略的过程中,若than之后从句的谓语部分相同, 比较的是主语部分, 那么谓语部分通常用助动词do来代替, 并且习惯上将从句主语和助动词倒装 (do + 主语)
如:the actors usually capture greater attention than do the playwrights who may
probably contribute more to the success of a play.
例题:
mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain ---- other animals.
(a) than do
(b) that are having
(c) which have
(d) that do
答案:a
解释:空格前出现了形容词比较级,空格后是比较对象,应由than连接,选项中只有a符合条件,其中由助动词do引起了一个小倒装
考点二 (not) so /as…as
比较级特殊句式(not)so/as…as 表示“如同……一样、不如……”等意思,其结构和than句式相仿,但as…as之间的形容词必须用原形,而且as…as必须搭配使用,
如:it is as good as it looks.
the boss is not so bad-tempered as you have described.
填空题中常给出句子的一部分(第一个as),要求填出相搭配的部分(第二个as),一定要形成对这种搭配句式的敏感。
例题:
(1)
the best way to control rats is by seeing that they have as ----.
(a) possibly little nourishment
(b) nourishment possibly little
(c) little as possible nourishment
(d) little nourishment as possible
答案:d
解释:空格处需要动词have的宾语,同时包含as…as句式,a、b都缺少与as搭配的结构,c语序有误,均可排除。d中as…as possible, 为固定用法, 意为“尽可能”.
(2)
there is evidence that prehistoric humans used fire ---- 400,000 b.c.
(a) so early
(b) the earliest
(c) as early as
(d) so early that
答案:c
解释:依句意空格处需要“早在”这一意思的正确表达,只有c符合题意,用的是比较级特殊句式as...as
考点三 the same…as
此句式也常用来表示“和……一样”,the same和as既可连用,也可分开使用,
如:she looks just the same as before.
i got the same feeling as you did.
改错题中常将此句式误用为the same…like /than, 要练就一双火眼金睛将其识别出来
考点四 the more…,the more…
此句式常表示“越……越……”,more在此处泛指比较级,此句式的特点是前后两句以逗号隔开,句子结构平行,而且谓语动词一致时,为避免重复常进行省略,
如:the more she slept, the less comfortable she felt.
the greater the size, the easier it is for you to spot.
填空题中常需填入两个分句之一,因此看到the more结构,要注意选与其结构相近的另一半the more句式
例题:
(1)
the greater the population there is in a locality, ----for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
(a) the greater the need there is
(b) greater need
(c) is there great need
(d) the great need
答案:a
解释:这是典型的 “the more…,
the more…” 句式, 意为 “越…, 越…” 其逗号前后两部分结构要平行, 而且后一句可以不倒装, a 完全符合要求. c d 都缺少此固定句式所要求的第二个比较级; b 少定冠词the. 此句亦可改写为: if there is greater population in a locality, there will be greater need for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
(2)
the less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ---- to the body.
(a) the stress it is greater
(b) greater is the stress
(c) greater stress is
(d) the greater the stress
答案:d
解释:此句涉及比较级的特殊句式the more..., the more..., 此句式要求前后结构平行,当谓语一致时,后面的可省略,符合要求的只有d
考点五 no longer /not…any longer
no longer /not…any longer和no more/not…any more都表示“不再……”,
如:he no longer smokes. / he doesn't smoke any longer.
注意no longer /not…any longer不要混用,no more /not…any more同理,这一句式在改错题中出现。
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