来源:本站原创 点击率: 发布: 2010-5-10
地点与方向题型
在地点型试题中,有的地点在对话中直接提到,有的则需要根据对话内容来判断(这类问题
一般是问对话发生在何处),还有的 则是两者兼而有之。
● 卷面线索:选项通常由(介词+)地点名词构成,提问可分为两种情况。第一种问对话发生在何处,选项的形式通常为表示方位的介词(如in, at等)加上一个地点名词构成;第二种问的是方向,选项的形式通常为表示方向的介词(如to, from, out of等)加上一个地点
名词或 者只有地点名词构成。
● 解题要点:
(1) 首先要根据卷面线索判断出试题的类型。对于第一种试题,要重点听对话中的与特定地
点 有关的常用词或词组(即关键词),例如听到reserve,check in,check out,room之类
的词的话即可判断对话是发生在旅 馆里,听到size,color,pay,discount之类的词即可判
断对话地点是在商店等。
(2) 与方向有关的词和词组并不多,所提出的问题在形式上也可能比较简单,但是这类问题
出现时,往往需要几经思考才能得出答案。在这类问题中,务必要注 意录音中的内容细节,
不要单凭从对话中获得的孤立信息来确定答案。建议在听音的同时用笔在纸上画一些草图以
帮助理解。
(3)与时 间题不同,有的地点题可通过逻辑判断猜出正确的答案,平时要注意这方面能力的
培养。
【例1】
m:good afternoon this is edward miller at the sun valley health center i’d like to speak to mr adams, please.
w:mr miller, my husband isn’t at home i can give you his business phone if you’d like to call him at work.
q:where is mr adams now?
a)at the sun valley. b) at the health center.
c) at home d) at work.
答案d)。本题表面是很简单,因为对话中有直接提示词at work,它与d)项完全相同。此外,his buisness phone(他的办公电话)也能给我们一定的提示。
【例2】
m: i’ve just got back from the holiday you arranged for me, but i must tell you the hotel was really awful! it was miles from the sea. the food was awful too. the bedroom was dirty.
w: sorry about that but it’s not really our fault. the contract does say that the hotel accommodation is not our responsibility
q: where is the conversation most probably taking place?
a) at the airport. b) in a travel agency.
c) in a hotel d) at home
此题对话中虽有地点名词出现(hotel),但明显不是答案。本题考的是推理能力。根据hot
el等关键词,可推断对话 的话题与旅行有关。而从w的话中的arrange, contract等词,可以
判断出这是一家旅行社(b)。本题说明,在听对话时,要对关键词 特别注意,但又不能认
为关键词就是答案。
【例3】
m:now, miss, do you feel all right now? what happened?
w:yes, i’m fine now. i was just at the motorway i was driving along the main road when suddenly right before the crossroads i met the car came out at the side street i didn’t see him until he hit me.
q: where was the car before it hit the woman?
a)in the side street. b) at the crossroads.
c) on the main road d) on the motorway.
本题属于较为特殊的地点题,考生不仅要听懂对话发生的地点,而且要能理解i met the car came out at the side street这句语法上有错误的话并推断出在汽车撞上w之前,它正在the side street (a)中。其他选项在对话中都曾出现过,但它们都是描述w本人所在的位置,而非肇事车辆所处的位置。
【例4】
w: i just stopped by at your office in the bank. they told me that you had quit where are you working now?
m: i am working for a lawyer now.the pay is better and the work is much more interesting.
q: where did the man work before?
a) in a court. b) on the farm.
c) in a bank. d) in a shop.
答案c)。此题的关键词bank在对话中出现了两次,考生不但可以从女士的话(…at your o
ffice in the bank,they told me that you had quit:),也可以从男士的回答(the pay is better than in the bank…)中得出本题的正确答案。而a lawyer 仅仅是一个难度不大的干扰词,考生只要听懂now这一词就可以排除,b)d)两项与本题对话明显无关。
事件情景题型
在听力考试中,最令考生头疼的莫过于事件情景题,但恰恰这类题在六级考试中出 现得最多
,这也是四、六级听力考试的区别之一。事件与情景题是针对对话所涉及的事件、对话所发
生的情景及谈话内容存在的背景等设计而成的 考题。这种题的形式一般是:对话双方围绕某
件事、某个主题进行讨论,在谈话中涉及情景、背景或描述环境,然后针对谈话内容提问,
其设问通 常由what、why、how等引出,如:
what are the two speakers discussing?
what does the man/woman say about …?
what can you learn from the conversation? 等。
事件与情景题可分为事件细节题、综合理解题和推理题。对于细节题,考生要听清整个谈话
的内容以至个别的 词语;对于其他两种题,考生还要能够将这些内容和细节连贯起来进行整
体的综合理解和进行逻辑推理。
由于其选项多为完整的句子,因此有效利 用这种题的卷面线索的方法是:做题前对选项进行
快速浏览,找出重复率较高的词,并对对话的内容和背景进行预测,甚至可用逻辑分析猜出
正确 答案。
【例1】
m: did you hear mike is in hospital with head injuries and a broken arm?
w: yes, apparently he was struck by another vehicle and turned completely over.
q: what happened to mike?
a) his car was hit by another car.
b) he was hurt while playing volleyball.
c) he fell down the stairs.
d) while crossing the street, he was hit by a car.
答案为a)。此题考的是判断事实、关注细节的能力,有一定的难度。其实,考生如果听懂
了m说的he was struck by another vehicle,就能推断出mike在被撞时是开着车子的,否则就不可能说是another vehicle了,更何况选项a)实际上就是此句话的同义重复。就卷面来说,本题有两个选项与车祸有关(a、d),另外两个则是各自独立的,事先可基本确 定答案将在a、d中产生。
【例2】
m: this has been the worst flood for the past 20 years it has caused much damage and destruction.
w: look at the prices of fruits and vegetables. no wonder they are so expensive.
q: what are they talking about?
a)the effects of the flood.
b) the heroic fight against a flood.
c) the cause of the flood
d) floods of the past twenty years.
答案为a) 。本题要求根据对话内容推断所谈论的主题——洪水造成的影响。考生可从两方
面 得出答案,一是m的后一句话it has caused many damage and destruction,二是w话中涉及的事实,它们实际上就是由洪水引起的。
【例3】
w: i have to think about your offer i can’t say ‘yes’ or ‘no’ at the moment.
m: you can take your time it will do if you let me know your decision in a day or two.
q: which of the following is true?
a) the man thinks the woman is wasting her time.
b) the man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.
c) the man is eager to know the woman’s answer.
d) the man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.
本题的选项极象观点、态度 与反应题,但实际考的是把握细节的能力。当年(1991年6月)
很多考生都没能做对,主要原因是对take one’s time没有理解,而将其与选项b)的意思混淆了,而且也没能用m的后半句话来加以验证。事实上,m的话可分为两部分,把握住任何一个就足以选出正确答案 d),如能相互验证那就更有把握了。从卷面的角度分析,我们可以看出,c)、d)两项为完全排斥的反义关系,而a)、b)并非如此。在这种情况下,可基本 排除a)、b),本题的难度也就降低了50%。
原因与结果题型
原因与结果题与大多数其他类型的题所不同的是,听音前较难通过 卷面线索判断出这一题属
于原因与结果题,要想判断出正确答案就更困难了。
但是题型判断对于捕捉关键信息非常重要,考生应通过平时大量的训 练和细致的分析争取尽
快地抓住一些蛛丝马迹,作出准确的判断。这类题的卷面特征可概括如下:
(1)四个选项通常都是完整的陈述句;
(2) 至少有一个选项暗示出该事实能导致某种结果,通常有好几个选项的事实能导致同一
结果;
(3)选项中可能出现can’t, not be able to, too(… to), have to等词或词组。
对于因果题,只要判断出题的类型就足够了,不宜浪费时间推测正确答案。
此 外,因果题主要集中在原因上,而且一般由对话中的第二个人说出,因此应试时要格外注
意第二个人说的话。提问通常以why、what reason等引导。以下各例对考试中出现过的各种形式逐一分析。
【例1】
m: mary, why isn’t jane teaching here this term?
w: she can’t she was fired.
q: what reason was given for jane’s not teaching?
a) she is tired of teaching.
b) she was dismissed from her job.
c) she’s changing jobs.
d) the school is too hot.
请读者结合本题,理解上面所讲的卷面特征。本题中的d显然没有道理,剩下 的三个选项都能引起jane不再教书这一结果。判断出题型以后,就不会错过w话中的she was fired这一信息,答案b)自然就呼之欲出了。
【例 2】
w:suppose the company offered you a pay rise of 50%, would you be so determined to leave and look for a job elsewhere?
m:yes i’ve set my mind on it, i’d like to find a job with scope to show my ability.
q:why has the man decided to leave the company?
a) he is not equal to the job.
b) he is not well paid for his work.
c) he doesn’t think the job is challenging enough.
d) he can not keep mind on his work.
本题 要求根据表面话语推断出隐含的意义。在对话中,m最关键的一句是:i’d like to …
ability。言外之意就是目前的工作对他来说缺 乏挑战性,即c)项为正确。
【例3】
m: helen isn’t here yet. did you forget to invite her?
w: she was going to come, but then changed her mind.
q: why isn’t helen present?
a) she decided not to come.
b) she forgot to come.
c) she wasn’t invited.
d) she altered her decision.
本题尽管没有出现具有提示作用的关键词,但综合四个(尤其是前三个)选项,明显可以看
出,问题必然是why doesn’t helen come这样的句子,这样在听懂第二个人的话语之后,
这一题就很容易做出来了。正确答案为d。
【例4】
w: george, where were you yesterday evening? i expected to see you at the concert.
m: oh, i waited for you at the corner of your street. then i looked for you at your flat, but the housekeeper said you were out.
q: why didn’t they meet that evening?
a) they were both busy doing their own work.
b) they waited for each other at different places.
c) they went to the street corner at different times.
d) the man went to the concert but the woman didn’t.
尽管因果题的答题线索通常都出现在第二个人说的话中,即第一个人说出 结果,第二个人解
释原因,但本题是个例外,双方都说出了部分原因。这是为什么呢?我们看一下选项就明白
了。在本题的选项中每一项都牵扯到 了对话的双方,所以听的时候要注意双方话。
职业与身份题型
职业与身份类型的题包括人物的职业、身份以及与他人的关系。此类对话经常 提供一个情节
,反应所涉及的人物的关系或身份。大部分情况下,这类题的选择项是有固定格式的,要么
是四个不同的职业,要么是四对不同身份 的人。与地点题类似的是,我们在听音时要善于捕
捉关键词,以便抓住简短对话中所提供的信息,作出准确的判断。因此,除了要熟悉选项出
现的 形式,还要对其相应的设问做到心中有数。常见的设问有:
1 who (what) is the man/woman?
2 what is the man’s/woman’s profession/occupation?
3 what is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
对于前两种提问,其选项通常为四个表示职业的名词。而对于第三 题,其选项则为由and连接起来的四对名词或名词复数。
阅读上一篇:美国羚羊谷
阅读下一篇:玩转英语十四式(1)


![]() |
现场报名地址:北京海淀区北三环西路甲30号双天大厦516室(红民村站或人大双安商场东侧300米,地铁4号线人民大学站c出口) 客服热线:400-6900-650 400-6900-650 值班:15801555540 项目合作:13691570089 copyright @ 2014 xialingying.cc all rights reserved 开心夏令营 版权所有 京icp证 040377 号 |