表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

1.—have you had your lunch yet? 

--yes, i have. i’ve just had it.现在不饿了

2. i have already posted the parcel.包裹不在这了。

表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。与时间状语连用：

now, just, today, this morning,

this month, for , since, all the time

1.       i haven’t seen her these days.

2.       i’ve known him for over 3 years.

3.       he has lived here since he came here/since 10 years ago/since 1980.

和already,never,just,

before, lately, recently,

yet, so far, up to the

present, up till now,

in the past/last few

years等状语连用。

1. i have never seen such an inspiring film before.

2. tom has done his homework already.

3. i haven’t seen him so far.

4. ╟have you ever been to beijing?

╟no, i have never been there.

5. up till now we haven’t seen the film.

6. he has recently come from new york.

表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与several times, once, twice, three times等频度副词连用。

1. i have watched him several times.

2. he has been to london twice.

3. i have seen the film three times.

在“最高级+名词”或“这是第几次”之后的从句用现在完成时。

1. this is the most interesting book that i have ever read.

2. it is the second time that you have been here.

4.       this is the first time that i have visited your country.

have been to 去过..

have gone to 去了...

1.       she has been to europe, but she is back now.

2. she has gone to europe  and she is not here now.

现在完成时中，终止动词若与for, since等延续状语连用，需把这些动词变为be动词等的适当形式，如：

die—be dead

join ╟ be in

finish—be over

leave/go—be away

begin—be on

buy—have

marry—be married to

borrow—keep

put on—have on

1.       he arrived in china in 1990.

2.       he has arrived in sz.

3.       he has been in china for five days.

4.       she has left school for 15 years.  (f)

she has been away from school for 15 years. (t)

5.       i have borrowed the novel for a few days. (f)

i have kept the novel for a few days. (t)

6.       he has been in the army for 6 years.(t)

he has joined the army for 6 years. (f)

固定句型。

1.       it is the third time you have visited our school.

2.       it’s 5 years since he arrived in china.

现在完成时：表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。

一般过去时：只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。

1.       i have seen the film.

i saw the film last week.

2.       he has lived here since 1990.

he lived here in 1990.