上海新东方酷学酷玩夏令营英语学习：

　　 名词性从句中的易错点 （一）that引导的定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与前面的的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系，“……的名词”，而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句同位的名词必须是一些表示事实或概念的抽象名词，如fact,news,belief,truth,reply等。that在定语从句中必须作成分，可用which或who/whom代替，而that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。如： ①along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming christmas. ②do you still remember the chicken farm that we visited three months ago. 解析：在句①中，that引导同位语从句解释说明promise的内容，that不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，而在句②中，that在其引导的定语从句中作动词visited的宾语，对先行词the chicken farm起修饰作用。感悟：学生之所以在这一点上容易出错，主要还是因为对定语从句的理解不够深刻，分辨不出that在从句中是否充当了句子成分，因此，还需在句子分析上下功夫，并且搞清何谓同位语从句。（二）名词性从句中，关于it作形式主语和形式宾语的易错点 1) 名词性从句作主语或宾语时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语。如： it’s a pity that he don’t come to give a speech.（形式主语） we think it possible that you can finish the job today.（形式宾语） 2）谓语动词 appreciate, dislike, hate, like, love, make等接由if或when 引导的宾语从句时往往在从句前加上形式宾语it. 例如：i would appreciate it if you could come to my birthday party. 3）动词hare, take, hide, punish, put等,后接由that 引导的病因从句式，往往在从句前加形式宾语it. 例如：① i take it that you will be leaving shanghai soon. ② we punished it that we had finished the project ahead of time. 4）短语动词answer for, count on depend on, insist on, see to等后接有that引导的宾语从句时，必须冠以形式宾语it. 例如：① i’m counting on it that you will come. ② she’ll see to it that he goes ahead. 注：作形式主语和形式宾语时只能用it